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+++ start [2025/04/18 21:59] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 ===== Discharge modeling in the Multiscale Dynamics group at CWI =====
-Lightning phenomena, plasma processing, plasma medicine and high voltage technology are governed by similar physical mechanisms. These mechanisms evolve on multiple scales in space and time, frequently ordered in a hierarchical structure. A main focus of the [[http://www.cwi.nl/research-groups/Multiscale-Dynamics|Multiscale Dynamics]] group at [[http://www.cwi.nl/|CWI]] is a better understanding of rapidly pulsed discharges in air and other media (streamers, leaders, nanosecond pulsed discharges, plasma bullets, terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, transient luminous events etc.), in collaboration with colleagues in plasma physics, electrical and mechanical engineering, atmospheric electricity and cosmic particle physics.
+Lightning phenomena, plasma processing, plasma medicine and high voltage
-Experimental investigations, theory and numerical simulations complement each other in providing a route to understanding.
+technology are governed by similar physical mechanisms. These mechanisms evolve
+on multiple scales in space and time, frequently ordered in a hierarchical
+structure.
-Here we provide and describe the codes that we have developed for this purpose. We do this to allow others to use (part of) it, to extract ideas, to give us feedback, and to allow reproduction and checking of (published) results. If you use our codes, please honor our work by quoting the paper(s) related to the codes, as indicated.
+A main focus of the
+[[http://www.cwi.nl/research-groups/Multiscale-Dynamics|Multiscale Dynamics]]
+group at [[http://www.cwi.nl/|CWI]] is a better understanding of rapidly pulsed
+discharges in air and other media (streamers, leaders, nanosecond pulsed
+discharges, plasma bullets, terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, transient luminous
+events etc.), in collaboration with colleagues in plasma physics, electrical and
+mechanical engineering, atmospheric electricity and cosmic particle physics.
+Experimental investigations, theory and numerical simulations complement each
+other in providing a route to understanding.
-We also provide links to codes and databases of other groups that we have found useful.
-==== Codes (and subroutines) we have developed ====
-  * [[http://md-wiki.project.cwi.nl/index.php/ARCoS_code|ARCoS]]: Adaptive Refinement Code of Streamers, a fluid code with 2.5D adaptive grid refinement, developed consecutively by C. Montijn, W. Hundsdorfer, A. Luque, G. Wormeester, M. Nool and U. Ebert.
-  * A [[codes:particle|3D particle code]] for streamer discharge simulation
-  * [[http://www.pumpkin-tool.org|PumpKin]]: Pathway redUction Method for Plasma KINetic models, developed by A.H. Markosyan, A. Luque and F.J. Gordillo-Vazquez.
-  * **Miscellaneous**: subroutine for electron nucleus Bremsstrahlung by C. Köhn.
-==== Codes and databases of other groups that we have found useful ====
-  * **LXCat** [[http://fr.lxcat.net/home/|link]]: An open-access website for collecting, displaying, and downloading electron and ion scattering cross sections, swarm parameters (mobility, diffusion coefficient, etc.), reaction rates, energy distribution functions, etc. and other data required for modeling low temperature plasmas.
-  * **(2 term) Boltzmann solvers:** [[http://www.bolsig.laplace.univ-tlse.fr/|the classical one]] by Hagelaar and Pitchford, and [[https://github.com/aluque/bolos|an open source version]] by Luque.
-  * **ZDPlasKin** [[http://www.zdplaskin.laplace.univ-tlse.fr/|link]]: Zero-Dimensional Plasma Kinetics solver by S. Pancheshnyi, B. Eismann, G.J.M. Hagelaar, L.C. Pitchford in Toulouse, France.
-  * **QtPlaskin** [[http://www.trappa.es/content/software|link]]: a graphical interface to analyze results from a plasma kinetic code such as ZdPlasKin by Luque.
-  * **GREMPY** [[https://github.com/aluque/grempy|link]]: GRanada Electro-Magnetic PYthon solver by Luque.
-  * **strees** [[http://aluque.github.io/strees/|link]]: Simulation of 3D streamer trees, developed by Luque, and used in [[http://homepages.cwi.nl/~ebert/NJPLuqueTrees2014.pdf|this paper]].
-  * **CORSIKA** [[https://web.ikp.kit.edu/corsika/|link]] CORSIKA (COsmic Ray SImulations for KAscade) is a program for detailed simulation of extensive air showers initiated by high energy cosmic ray particles. D. Heck, J. Knapp, J.N. Capdevielle, G. Schatz, T. Thouw (1998).
-  * **EGS5** [[http://rcwww.kek.jp/research/egs/egs5.html|link]]: The EGS5 code system is documented in The EGS5 Code System, by H. Hirayama, Y. Namito, A.F. Bielajew, S.J. Wilderman and W.R. Nelson, SLAC-R-730 (2005) and KEK Report 2005-8 (2005).